Hafnium

Located at Group 4 Period 6 is the element used in Vacuum Tubes. This is Hafnium.

Hafnium Rod

First discovered in 1923 by Dirk Coster, a Danish chemist, and Charles de Hevesy, a Hungarian chemist. And first isolated also by Dirk Coster and Charles de Hevesy
.

Its existence was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869, though it was not identified until 1923, by Coster and Hevesy, making it the last stable element to be discovered.

Coster and Hevesy

Dirk Coster, a Danish chemist, and Charles de Hevesy, a Hungarian chemist both used a method known as X-ray spectroscopy to study the arrangement of the outer electrons of atoms in samples of zirconium ore.

Hafnium oxide is the inorganic compound of formula HfO2. Also known as hafnia, this colorless solid is one of the most common and stable compounds of hafnium. It is an electrical isolator with a band gap of 5.3 ~ 5.7 eV. ... HfO2 adopts the same structure as zirconia (ZrO2).

Atomic Number : 72
Name : Hafnium
Latin Name : Hafnium
Electrons per shell :  [2, 8, 18. 32, 10, 2]

Discoverer : Dirk Coster and Charles de Hevesy

Isolator : Dirk Coster and Charles de Hevesy

Element's : Atomic Mass : 178.49 u

: Density : 13.1 g/cm³
: Type : Transition Metal
Chemical Properties :

Hafnium  Isotope

• Can combine with Iron
• Can combine with Titanium
• Can combine with Niobium
• Isotopes : 3 of them are : Hafnium - 172 : Protons: 72 : Electrons: 72 : Neutrons: 100 ( Half Life : 1.87 year ) Hafnium - 174 : Protons: 72 : Electrons: 72 : Neutrons: 102 ( Half Life : 2x10 [15] years ) Hafnium - 176 : Protons: 72 : Electrons: 72 : Neutrons: 104 ( Half Life : Stable )

Physical Properties : 

• Bright
• Silver - gray color
• Ductile
• Melting Point : 2233 degrees Celsius ( 4051.4 Fahrenheit)
• Boiling Point : 4602 degrees Celsius ( 8315.6 Fahrenheit)

How Hafnium got its name?

Hafnium is named after Hafnia, the Latin name for Copenhagen, where it was discovered.

Uses

Hafnium is used as a vacuum tube. Hafnium is also alloyed with Iron, Titanium and Niobium for better metal properties.

THIS IS THE END OF HAFNIUM

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